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WATER LOSS PROGRAM REVIEW, ANALYSIS & OPTIMIZATION Presentation to Water Forward Task Force Andrew Chastain-Howley October 8, 2024 Report Overview 1.0 Executive Summary 2.0 Introduction and Initial Audit Analysis • City of Austin System Profile • Water Loss Audit Approach/Results • Data Validity 3.0 Production Metering Analysis 4.0 Apparent Loss Analysis • Customer Metering Inaccuracies • Systematic Data Handling Errors • Costs of Apparent Losses 5.0 Real Loss Analysis • COA Leakage Detection • Real Loss Component Analysis/Results • Costs of Real Losses 6.0 Goals and Recommended Strategies • Production Metering Strategies • Apparent Loss Strategies • Real Loss Strategies • Other Strategies KPI Real Loss (ILI) Real Loss (gal/conn/day) Apparent Loss (gal/conn/day) Data Validity 2022 AUDIT 4.1 75.60 17.40 77 2030 GOAL (THIS PROJECT) 3.0 55.60 7.40 85 AW’s Water Forward (2024) ILI Goal is 3.0 by 2040. 2 AWWA Manual M36 Water Audits and AWWA Manual M36 Water Audits and Loss Control Programs Loss Control Programs 3 Real Loss Component Analysis See Section 5.2 & Appendix A How does Austin Water’s Real Loss Compare to Other Utilities? Mains Failure Frequency Comparison Service Connection Failure Frequency Comparison ) r y / s e l i m 0 0 1 / r e b m u n ( 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 ) r y / s n o i t c e n n o c e c i v r e s 0 0 0 1 / r e b m u n ( , 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Failure Frequency Austin Water Department Average Failure Frequency in North America (WaterRF 4372) Failure Frequency for Optimized Distribution Systems (Friedman 2010) Failure Frequency Austin Water Department Failure Frequency for Optimized Systems (AWWA UARL) 4 Austin’s Ongoing Efforts See Sections 4.1, 5.1, 6.1 Four Pillars of Leakage Management Pressure Management Speed and Quality of Repairs Active Leakage Control Real Losses in this range are not technically recoverable Real Losses in this range are not economic to recover Economically Recoverable Annual Real Losses Pipeline and Asset Management Selection, Installation, Maintenance, Renewal, Replacement Renewing Austin Third-party proactive leakage detection AW leakage detection program 5 Austin’s Ongoing Efforts See Sections 4.1, 5.1, 6.1 Development of strategies through Austin's Water Forward program Replacing smaller meters to transition to Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Meter calibration/verification and validation 6 Key Findings 1 Limitations with production piping and metering configurations 2 Proactive Leakage Detection and Oversight 3 Data Validation 7 Key Findings 1 Limitations with production piping and metering configurations 8 Key Findings 1 Limitations with production piping and metering configurations • 2021: Third-party calibration/verification and validation of the plants’ production flow meters • Potential sources of error: meter hardware, meter calibration, SCADA reporting • Recommend secondary testing at all plants 9 Key Findings 1 Limitations with production piping and metering configurations 2 Proactive Leakage Detection and Oversight 3 Data Validation 10 Key Findings 2 Proactive Leakage Detection and Oversight 11 Key Findings 1 Limitations with production piping and metering configurations 2 Proactive Leakage Detection and Oversight 3 Data Validation 12 Key Findings 3 Data Validation 13 Key Findings 3 Data Validation Hourly Flatlining at Davis HSPS 14 Recommendations: Apparent Loss Apparent Loss Control Initiatives Overall Cost Estimate FY 2024-2025 $310,000 FY 2026 $495,000 FY 2027 $400,000 FY 2028-2033 $1,360,000 3.5% 5.7% of Apparent Loss Annual Cost of Apparent Loss Annual Cost 4.6% of Apparent Loss Annual Cost 2.6%* of Apparent Loss Annual Cost AMI Data Management Development of SOP Initial Investment $50,000 FY 2025 Total Investment $375,000 FY 2026-2033 See Section 6.4 Apparent Loss Recommendations 2025-2033 Costs Priority Meter Testing (Large Meters) $ 1,000,000 Meter Testing Program Validation $ 225,000 SOP Development on Meter Testing and Replacement Meter Sizing Analysis SOP Development on Unauthorized Consumption Mitigation SOP Development on Systematic Data Handling Errors Mitigation AMI Data Management $ 130,000 $ 200,000 $ 115,000 $ 140,000 $ 275,000 15 *costs are annualized Billing System Process Evaluation $ 480,000 Recommendations: Real Loss Real Loss Control Initiatives Overall Cost Estimate FY 2024-2025 $2,295,000 FY 2026 $2,419,500 FY 2027 $1,769,000 FY 2028-2033 $10,584,000 1.70 MGD 1.90 MGD 2.70 MGD 5.20 MGD 2025 Savings 2026 Savings 2027 Savings 2033 Savings Real Loss Recommendations 2024-2033 Cost Est. MGD Saved Optimized Proactive Leak Detection $ 3,960,000 Repair/Replacement Focus on Service Lines $ 500,000 SOP Development on Proactive and Reactive Leak Detection $ 155,000 1.13 0.50 0.10 See Section 6.5 Real Loss Recommendations 2024-2033 Cost Est. MGD Saved Pilot Project with Innovative Leak Detection Technologies $ 1,150,000 Baseline Leak Detection Validation Annual Leakage Detection Training Vault Evaluation $ 225,000 $ 220,000 $ 900,000 Large Diameter Leak Detection $ 7,200,000 Utilize High Frequency Loggers and Develop Pressure Transient Models $ 560,500 Monitor Pressure Relief Valves $ 210,000 Enhance AW Enterprise PowerBI Reports (Leak Detection) Integration of SCADA, GIS, AMI and Logger Detection Software Develop Methodology to Improve DMA Usefulness Consider up to 5 Temporary DMAs Consider Permanent DMAs and PMAs $ 291,000 $ 420,000 $ 60,000 $ 1,216,000 N/A 0.35 0.00 0.18 0.16 0.22 0.21 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.64 N/A 16 Other Recommendations See Sections 6.3, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9 Training, Fire Fighting & Other NRW Initiatives Overall Cost Estimate Other Recommendations 2024-2033 Cost Conduct Metered Analysis of Flushing Volumes N/A FY 2024-2025 $64,000 FY 2026 $25,000 FY 2027 $25,000 FY 2028-2033 $150,000 Update Fire Department Usage Expectations and Measurement Needs $ 24,000 Production Meter Improvements and Validation Overall Cost Estimate FY 2025 $800,000 FY 2026 $800,000 FY 2027 $1,200,000 FY 2028-2033 $3,400,000 Annual Water Audit and Validation Training $ 100,000 Participation in National Water Loss Control Conferences $ 50,000 Improve Data for Water Audit Input Data Validity Scores $ 90,000 Production Meter Improvements and Validation $ 6,200,000 17 KPI 2022 AUDIT Real Loss (ILI) Real Loss (gal/conn/day) Apparent Loss (gal/conn/day) Data Validity 4.1 75.60 17.40 77 2030 GOAL (THIS PROJECT) 3.0 55.60 7.40 85 Moving Forward Cost of Water Loss (2022 Audit) 18 Questions Agenda 1. AW’s Practices and Current Metrics 2. AW’s Implementation Plan for Water Loss Program Review, Analysis, and Optimization report recommendations 3. Summary and Questions Water Loss and Mitigation Briefing Overview: Austin Water’s water distribution system includes 4,015 miles of pipeline ranging in size from 2-inch diameter to 84-inch diameter pipes. While all water systems experience water loss, Austin Water has a multi- pronged approach to reduce sources of water loss in our system and to increase the accuracy of our metrics.  On-going participation in industry best practices and innovations  Fast response to reported leaks  Infrastructure renewal investments  Proactive detection and prevention Austin Water’s Performance Water Loss Trend TWDB SUGGESTED RANGE: 3-5 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 2015 Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) FY13 2014 2016 2017 2018 Water Forward 2018 Goals 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023  ILI is within Texas Water Development Board’s suggested range AW’s EUM Water Loss Team Lead pipe Water Loss Review, Analysis & Optimization Report  Implement programmatic improvements to proactive leak detection activities  Expand program currently underway to replace poor performing water service lines  Improve production meter accuracy at the water treatment plants  Strengthen data validation practices for large meters  Expand data management and analysis tools across the water loss program  Improve estimates of unbilled authorized consumption (e.g., water for flushing and fire fighting)  Implement training for utility staff on reducing water loss during normal operations  Evaluate creating district metering areas (DMAs) to pilot reducing water loss through pressure management Lead pipe Leak Detection Practices  Continue to cover our entire system approximately every 6 years  Continue large diameter leak detection and condition assessment program  Assemble a leak detection SOP that will include: • Contract standards • Data management • Ongoing staff training • Piloting of new technologies • Conducting baseline leak detection validation • Inspecting ARV’s, valves & vaults on transmission mains System Renewal – Overview Understanding Your Water Service Line System Renewal – Water Mains Main Break History INDUSTRY AVERAGE OPTIMIZED UTILITY 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Continue investment in renewing poor performing infrastructure to keep main leaks low 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 AW Breaks/100 miles Industry Avg Breaks/100 Miles Optimized Utility Breaks/100 Miles System Renewal – Service Lines Service Line Break History INDUSTRY AVERAGE 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Continue investment in renewing poor performing infrastructure to increase focus on service lines 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 AW Breaks/1000 Services Industry Avg Breaks/1000 Services Production Meter Measurement Improvements Lead pipe  Assemble SOP to strengthen our O&M, calibration, and data handling processes related to production meters  Institute regular use of secondary meters for validation purposes  Study production meter configuration and performance to identify needed capital improvements and execute those improvements. Apparent Loss Tracking Lead pipe  Document apparent loss control processes in an SOP that will include: • Enhancement of large customer meter testing • Meter testing program validation • Proper meter sizing • Meter replacement Refining Water Loss Tracking and Reporting  Continue to be active in the water loss industry by attending national water loss conferences and participating in industry water loss committees  Maintain high data validity scores  Assemble SOPs on unauthorized consumption mitigation and data handling errors mitigation  Evaluate process of transferring data from the billing system to water loss tracking  Refine system flushing and firefighting volume estimates  Expand training for annual water audit and validation Improve Estimates of Unbilled Authorized Consumption  Refine flushing volume estimates  Refine firefighting volume estimates Lead pipe Implement Training for Utility Staff  Train leak detection staff on an annual basis  Train additional staff for water auditing and validation  Continue to participate in national water loss conferences and committees Evaluate Creating District Metering Areas (DMAs)  Pilot District Metered Areas (DMAs) and potentially create permanent DMA’s/Pressure Management Areas (PMA) • Austin Water has piloted two DMA’s and is in the process of implementing them within the AMI system. • They are expected to go live prior to the end of the year. Next Steps  AW’s Water Loss team will utilize the Effective Utility Management framework to implement recommendations from the report • Identify improvements that can be quickly implemented • Begin the process of implementing long-term recommendations • Provide regular reports to stakeholders